Solar cells, the building blocks of solar panels, are primarily made of silicon, a semiconductor material. Silicon is the most commonly used material in solar cells due to its efficient ability to convert sunlight into electricity.
Key Components of Solar Cells:
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Silicon:
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Most solar cells are made from crystalline silicon, which comes in two forms: monocrystalline and polycrystalline.
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Phosphorus and Boron:
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These materials are added to silicon to create n-type and p-type layers that enable the photovoltaic effect.
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Metal Contacts:
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Metal contacts allow electricity to flow from the cell into the external circuit.
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Anti-Reflective Coating:
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A layer is added to reduce light reflection and ensure maximum sunlight absorption.
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